Auditory cortex neurons: primary culture and ion channel activity in rat.

We have developed a primary dissociated cell culture of the fetal (E17) and post-natal (P0-P10) rat auditory cortex. Pyramidal and non-pyramidal cells had a mean cross-sectional diameter of 12.73 +/- 1.80 microns (mean +/- S.D., n = 25) and 17.58 +/- 1.67 microns (mean +/- S.D., n = 10), respectively, measured at 6 days in culture. These cells were viable for as long as 18-21 days. They expressed voltage-gated sodium and potassium channel currents as early as one day in culture, and at various phases in cell culture. Sodium current, activated at membrane potentials more positive than -60 mV, displayed fast activation and inactivation kinetics. Fifty percent inactivation of sodium channels occurred at a pre-pulse potential of -63 mV. Delayed rectifier potassium channels were activated at potentials positive to -40 mV. Large hyperpolarizing constant current pulses elicited anode break action potentials, and large depolarizing constant current pulses exhibited rectification indicative of the delayed rectifying potassium channel activity.